It embodies the increasingly irreconcilable forces of vernacular life, tourism and sustainability in historic parts of Europe. Mass tourism is on the rise, with international arrivals reaching 1.4 billion in 2018, and visitor levies are often billed as a way to ease the effects of overtourism. It has emerged on the day after the Second World War with sustained economic growth provided by Western countries. It considers the emergence of new forms of tourism, such as creative tourism and

Event tourism should be viewed in an open-system perspective, identifying ‘inputs’ (what it takes to make events happen, including the costs of bidding, facility development and marketing), ‘transforming processes’ (events as agents of change), and ‘outcomes’ (desired and undesired impacts, including externalities). The creation of the commercial airline industry following the Second World War and the subsequent development of the jet aircraft in the 1950s signalled the rapid growth and expansion of international travel. VERB + TOURISM boost, increase, promote | be dependent upon, depend on, rely on The islands' economy is largely dependent upon tourism. With the advent of low-cost travel, the tourism industry is experiencing an unprecedented boom. The process of discovery, which used to take multiple years, is in many cases happening in less than a year. VERB + TOURISM boost, increase, promote | be dependent upon, depend on, rely on The islands' economy is largely dependent upon tourism. This paper looks at macro trends and major drivers in tourism as these impact on cultural tourism in general and the Council of Europe cultural routes in particular. its operation is vital. Historians suggest that the advent of mass tourism began in England during the industrial revolution with the rise of the middle class and the availability of relatively inexpensive transportation. As a result, mass tourism is increasingly characterised as invasive, even destructive, often resulting in demographic shifts, local malcontent, rising prices, the dissipation of small businesses, damage to heritage, and loss of cultural identity. With the advent of the internet and social media, new destinations are being discovered and spread throughout the world in a short period of time. Culpan(1987) identified transportation mode and management as: “important ingredient of international tourism … TOURISM + VERB boom, increase With the advent of the railways, tourism boomed. Global travel and tourism continues to grow at breakneck speed, ... to rise above the level of mass tourism. TOURISM + VERB boom, increase With the advent of the railways, tourism boomed.